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… Why do African American children have more out of home placements than white children, even when controlling for identified risk factors? … 1 … en … Why do African … of home placements than white children, even when controlling for identified risk factors? … There is an overrepresentation of African Americans residing in out-of-home care in the U.S. child welfare system, the reasons for which are unclear. In addition, African Americans in foster care experience more frequent placement changes. This is especially concerning as frequent placement changes can have a negative impact on a child’s development. This quantitative study compares out-of-home…

… Predictors of early childhood neglect: A tri-study comparison … 1 … en … Predictors of early childhood neglect: A tri-study comparison … There is a dearth in research identifying predictors of child neglect during early childhood. Factors that are associated with neglect, either risk or protective, are important to understand, as this information can inform prevention and intervention efforts. The authors conducted secondary analysis of three longitudinal studies of families with young children. The three studies are different in…

… Evidence supporting a possible decline in child sexual abuse rates: An Irish population study … 1 … … Recent data in many industrialized countries have pointed to a decline in rates of child sexual abuse. Questions have been raised as to whether this decline is actually occurring or whether it reflects changes around the way child sexual abuse is dealt with. The decline could reflect lower reporting rates and/or changes in the way cases are screened in, investigated, and/or substantiated by child…

… Missed opportunity in addressing child and family risk factors following CPS investigations? … 1 … en … Missed opportunity in … Over 3 million children are reported every year to Child Protection Services (CPS) in the United States, over 200,000 in Canada: do investigations lead to improvements in household, family and child risk factors? Using data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONSCAN), the authors of this study compared 164 children who experienced an investigation for suspected child…

… Increased usefulness of medical data for public health surveillance of child maltreatment … 1 … en … Increased usefulness of medical data for public health … Hospitals and medical professionals all over the world use International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to identify signs, symptoms, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or disease. Although specific ICD codes for child maltreatment exist, medical professionals fail to identify child maltreatment-related health conditions for numerous reasons. Focusing on hospital…

… Neighbourhood ratings by caregivers in child welfare cases: Social order and social capital … 1 … en … Neighbourhood ratings by caregivers in child welfare cases: Social order and … Recent studies have shown the importance of community factors—especially poverty levels—as predictors of child abuse and neglect. Previous work has largely been based on census tract-level indicators, which make it hard to identify specific community risk factors; this present study takes an entirely different approach. Data are individual caregivers’ responses to the Community Environment Scale…

… Teen birth rates of those who have experienced substantiated maltreatment … 1 … en … Teen birth rates of those who have experienced substantiated maltreatment … Although recent years have seen a decline in the US teen birthrate, it remains the highest amongst industrialized nations. This prospective, longitudinal cohort study, conducted from 2007 to 2012, examined whether experiencing maltreatment placed females at higher risk for teen childbirth. Adolescent females (aged 14 to 17) who had never given birth to a child and experienced substantiated…

… First Nations children: Agency substantiation of neglect … 1 … en … First Nations children: Agency substantiation of neglect … First Nations children are greatly overrepresented in the Canadian child welfare system; this study deals specifically with disproportionality in agency substantiation of maltreatment. Data were from the First Nations component of the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (2008), and consisted of maltreatment-related investigations from 89 provincial-territorial agencies (a…

… Treatment foster care for improving outcomes in children and adolescents with complex needs … 1 … en … Treatment foster care for improving outcomes in children and adolescents with complex needs … This study examines the impact of treatment foster care (TFC) outcomes for children and adolescents living in out-of-home care in restrictive settings, or are at risk of such placement due to severe psychological, behavioural, social and/or medical problems. This study reviewed existing data from five studies to assess the usefulness of TFC as an intervention for psychosocial and behavioural…

… Direct instruction tutoring program shows improvements in academic achievement for children in out-of-home care … 1 … en … Direct instruction tutoring program … Children in foster care are at increased risk of poor educational outcomes compared to their non-maltreated peers. A randomized control trial was conducted across nine child welfare organizations in Ontario to determine whether primary school age foster children’s post-test reading and math scores would improve as a result of an individualized direct-instruction tutoring intervention delivered by…