Swogger, M., Conner, K., Walsh, Z. & Maisto, S. (2011). Childhood abuse and harmful substance use among criminal offenders. Addictive Behaviors 36(12): 1205-1212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.07.025
Among criminal offenders, childhood physical abuse was linked to alcohol use disorder symptoms and childhood sexual abuse to drug use disorder symptoms. Both forms of abuse were linked to harmful consequences of substance use, partly through depression and anxiety, and these patterns held for both men and women. The findings support assessing childhood abuse and treating anxiety and depression in offenders with substance use problems.